啄花科

Dicaeidae · Flowerpeckers · 共 56 種,已記錄 5 種

啄花科是熱帶亞洲林冠層裡忙碌穿梭、四處找果子吃的小鳥。牠們以一連串短促有力的「嘁」聲、尖叫與吱喳聲宣告自己的到來,卻又來去匆匆;在果樹較矮的開闊地,這些花紋鮮明、精力旺盛的小傢伙會下到較低處,但即使在結果的灌叢上也很少久留。啄花鳥棲息於森林邊緣附近的各種林地與開闊環境,從海平面到海拔 3700 m 都有。

儘管名為「啄花」,就目前所知牠們並不真的啄花,而是以果實(尤其是槲寄生的漿果)和花蜜為主食,多數也吃昆蟲等節肢動物;槲寄生種子極黏,有些槲寄生幾乎完全仰賴啄花鳥傳播種子。巢是側面開口的懸垂袋狀巢,以苔蘚、蛛絲和細根編成,隱蔽良好;每窩 1–4 枚卵。分子研究顯示本科與花蜜鳥科(Nectariniidae)是姊妹群。全世界 56 種,《2026 臺灣鳥類名錄》收錄 2 種:綠啄花、紅胸啄花。

資料來源:Birds of the World 科介紹:Winkler, D. W., S. M. Billerman, and I. J. Lovette (2020). Flowerpeckers (Dicaeidae), version 1.0.

#09431
黃喉鋸齒啄花鳥
Yellow-breasted Flowerpecker
Prionochilus maculatus
#09432
紅胸鋸齒啄花鳥
Crimson-breasted Flowerpecker
Prionochilus percussus
#09433
巴拉望啄花鳥
Palawan Flowerpecker
Prionochilus plateni
#09434
加里曼丹啄花鳥
Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker
Prionochilus xanthopygius
#09435
赤胸鋸齒啄花鳥
Scarlet-breasted Flowerpecker
Prionochilus thoracicus
#09436
綠背鋸齒啄花鳥
Olive-backed Flowerpecker
Pachyglossa olivacea
#09437
厚嘴啄花鳥
Thick-billed Flowerpecker
Pachyglossa agilis
#09438
褐背啄花鳥
Brown-backed Flowerpecker
Pachyglossa everetti
#09439
灰胸啄花鳥
Whiskered Flowerpecker
Pachyglossa propria
#09440
黃肛啄花鳥
Yellow-vented Flowerpecker
Pachyglossa chrysorrhea
#09441
黃腹啄花鳥
Yellow-bellied Flowerpecker
Pachyglossa melanozantha
#09442
白喉啄花鳥
White-throated Flowerpecker
Pachyglossa vincens
#09443
眼鏡啄花鳥
Spectacled Flowerpecker
Dicaeum dayakorum
#09444
金腰啄花鳥
Golden-rumped Flowerpecker
Dicaeum annae
#09445
黃脅啄花鳥
Yellow-sided Flowerpecker
Dicaeum aureolimbatum
#09446
綠頂啄花鳥
Olive-capped Flowerpecker
Dicaeum nigrilore
#09447
Yellow-crowned Flowerpecker
Dicaeum anthonyi
#09448
Flame-crowned Flowerpecker
Dicaeum kampalili
#09449
雙色啄花鳥
Bicolored Flowerpecker
Dicaeum bicolor
#09450
四色啄花鳥
Cebu Flowerpecker
Dicaeum quadricolor
#09451
Red-keeled Flowerpecker
Dicaeum australe
#09452
紅縱紋琢花鳥
Black-belted Flowerpecker
Dicaeum haematostictum
#09453
紅領啄花鳥
Scarlet-collared Flowerpecker
Dicaeum retrocinctum
#09454
橙腹啄花鳥
Orange-bellied Flowerpecker
Dicaeum trigonostigma
#09455
白腹啄花鳥
Buzzing Flowerpecker
Dicaeum hypoleucum
#09456
淡嘴啄花鳥
Pale-billed Flowerpecker
Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
#09457
Nilgiri Flowerpecker
Dicaeum concolor
#09458
綠啄花
Plain Flowerpecker
Dicaeum minullum
#09459
Andaman Flowerpecker
Dicaeum virescens
#09460
小啄花鳥
Pygmy Flowerpecker
Dicaeum pygmaeum
#09461
紅冠啄花鳥
Crimson-crowned Flowerpecker
Dicaeum nehrkorni
#09462
Halmahera Flowerpecker
Dicaeum schistaceiceps
#09463
淡紅啄花鳥
Buru Flowerpecker
Dicaeum erythrothorax
#09464
灰啄花鳥
Ashy Flowerpecker
Dicaeum vulneratum
#09465
綠冠啄花鳥
Olive-crowned Flowerpecker
Dicaeum pectorale
#09466
紅頂啄花鳥
Red-capped Flowerpecker
Dicaeum geelvinkianum
#09467
路易啄花鳥
Louisiade Flowerpecker
Dicaeum nitidum
#09468
紅斑啄花鳥
Red-banded Flowerpecker
Dicaeum eximium
#09469
所羅門啄花鳥
Midget Flowerpecker
Dicaeum aeneum
#09470
雜色啄花鳥
Mottled Flowerpecker
Dicaeum tristrami
#09471
黑額啄花鳥
Black-fronted Flowerpecker
Dicaeum igniferum
#09472
藍頰啄花鳥
Red-chested Flowerpecker
Dicaeum maugei
#09473
紅胸啄花
Fire-breasted Flowerpecker
Dicaeum ignipectus
#09474
Cambodian Flowerpecker
Dicaeum cambodianum
#09475
Fire-throated Flowerpecker
Dicaeum luzoniense
#09476
Sumatran Flowerpecker
Dicaeum beccarii
#09477
黑脅啄花鳥
Black-sided Flowerpecker
Dicaeum monticolum
#09478
灰脅啄花鳥
Gray-sided Flowerpecker
Dicaeum celebicum
#09479
Javan Flowerpecker
Dicaeum sanguinolentum
#09480
Flores Flowerpecker
Dicaeum rhodopygiale
#09481
Sumba Flowerpecker
Dicaeum wilhelminae
#09482
Timor Flowerpecker
Dicaeum hanieli
#09483
Pink-breasted Flowerpecker
Dicaeum keiense
#09484
澳洲啄花鳥
Mistletoebird
Dicaeum hirundinaceum
#09485
朱背啄花鳥
Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker
Dicaeum cruentatum
#09486
紅頭啄花鳥
Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker
Dicaeum trochileum