鶇科

Turdidae · Thrushes and Allies · 共 194 種,已記錄 16 種,5 種有照片

鶇科與舊大陸的鶲類(Muscicapidae)之間的界線,是鳥類分科中最令人頭痛的難題之一:兩科種類都多,長期的形態演化又讓彼此大量重疊。典型的鶇體型修長、腳強健,胸部飽滿,頭偏大,嘴中等長。多數種類習慣在地面活動,常跳躍著搜尋藏在土中的無脊椎動物;羽色多為大地色系,但也有部分或全身藍色的種類。許多鶇的歌聲由複雜的哨音與顫音組成,帶有空靈的共鳴。

鶇科的棲地從茂密森林到草原都有,但通常避開極端乾燥的環境。食物包括昆蟲、蠕蟲、蜘蛛等無脊椎動物與各種小果實。鶇為單配制,雙親育雛,部分種類有合作生殖;通常由雌鳥獨自選址、以草等植物編成杯狀巢(有些加入泥土),並由雌鳥孵蛋,雛鳥則由雙親共同餵養,雄鳥常負擔大部分工作。全世界 194 種,《2026 臺灣鳥類名錄》收錄 17 種,如虎斑地鶇、白頭鶇與白氏地鶇。

資料來源:Birds of the World 科介紹:Winkler, D. W., S. M. Billerman, and I. J. Lovette (2020). Thrushes and Allies (Turdidae), version 1.0.

#08864
Boulder Chat
Pinarornis plumosus
#08865
藍大翅鴝
Grandala
Grandala coelicolor
#08866
東藍鴝
Eastern Bluebird
Sialia sialis
#08867
Western Bluebird
Sialia mexicana
#08868
山藍鴝
Mountain Bluebird
Sialia currucoides
#08869
Rufous Flycatcher-Thrush
Stizorhina fraseri
#08870
Finsch's Flycatcher-Thrush
Stizorhina finschi
#08871
Red-tailed Ant-Thrush
Neocossyphus rufus
#08872
White-tailed Ant-Thrush
Neocossyphus poensis
#08873
Townsend's Solitaire
Myadestes townsendi
#08874
Brown-backed Solitaire
Myadestes occidentalis
#08875
Cuban Solitaire
Myadestes elisabeth
#08876
Rufous-throated Solitaire
Myadestes genibarbis
#08877
Black-faced Solitaire
Myadestes melanops
#08878
Varied Solitaire
Myadestes coloratus
#08879
Slate-colored Solitaire
Myadestes unicolor
#08880
Andean Solitaire
Myadestes ralloides
#08881 · 已滅絕
考艾島孤鶇
Kamao
Myadestes myadestinus
#08882 · 已滅絕
Amaui
Myadestes woahensis
#08883
拉奈孤鶇
Olomao
Myadestes lanaiensis
#08884
Omao
Myadestes obscurus
#08885
Puaiohi
Myadestes palmeri
#08886
長尾地鶇
Long-tailed Thrush
Zoothera dixoni
#08887
淡背地鶇
Alpine Thrush
Zoothera mollissima
#08888
喜瑪拉雅地鶇
Himalayan Thrush
Zoothera salimalii
#08889
四川地鶇
Sichuan Thrush
Zoothera griseiceps
#08890
Geomalia
Zoothera heinrichi
#08891
長嘴地鶇
Dark-sided Thrush
Zoothera marginata
#08892
大長嘴地鶇
Long-billed Thrush
Zoothera monticola
#08893
Everett's Thrush
Zoothera everetti
#08894
Sunda Thrush
Zoothera andromedae
#08895
白氏地鶇
White's Thrush
Zoothera aurea
#08896
虎斑地鶇
Scaly Thrush
Zoothera dauma
#08897
Amami Thrush
Zoothera major
#08898
Nilgiri Thrush
Zoothera neilgherriensis
#08899
Sri Lanka Thrush
Zoothera imbricata
#08900 · 已滅絕
啟利氏地鶇
Bonin Thrush
Zoothera terrestris
#08901
Makira Thrush
Zoothera margaretae
#08902
Guadalcanal Thrush
Zoothera turipavae
#08903
Bassian Thrush
Zoothera lunulata
#08904
New Britain Thrush
Zoothera talaseae
#08905
Bougainville Thrush
Zoothera atrigena
#08906
Russet-tailed Thrush
Zoothera heinei
#08907
Fawn-breasted Thrush
Zoothera machiki
#08908
Fruit-hunter
Chlamydochaera jefferyi
#08909
紫寬嘴鶇
Purple Cochoa
Cochoa purpurea
#08910
綠寬嘴鶇
Green Cochoa
Cochoa viridis
#08911
Sumatran Cochoa
Cochoa beccarii
#08912
Javan Cochoa
Cochoa azurea
#08913
Varied Thrush
Ixoreus naevius
#08914
Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus gracilirostris
#08915
Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus aurantiirostris
#08916
Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus fuscater
#08917
Russet Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus occidentalis
#08918
Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus frantzii
#08919
Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus mexicanus
#08920
Yellow-throated Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus dryas
#08921
Speckled Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus maculatus
#08922
Veery
Catharus fuscescens
#08923
Gray-cheeked Thrush
Catharus minimus
#08924
Bicknell's Thrush
Catharus bicknelli
#08925
Swainson's Thrush
Catharus ustulatus
#08926
Hermit Thrush
Catharus guttatus
#08927
黃褐森鶇
Wood Thrush
Hylocichla mustelina
#08928
Black Solitaire
Entomodestes coracinus
#08929
White-eared Solitaire
Entomodestes leucotis
#08930
棕褐孤鶇
Rufous-brown Solitaire
Cichlopsis leucogenys
#08931
阿茲提克地鶇
Aztec Thrush
Ridgwayia pinicola
#08932
白眉地鶇
Siberian Thrush
Geokichla sibirica
#08933
Pied Thrush
Geokichla wardii
#08934
Spotted Ground-Thrush
Geokichla guttata
#08935
Black-eared Ground-Thrush
Geokichla camaronensis
#08936
Gray Ground-Thrush
Geokichla princei
#08937
Crossley's Ground-Thrush
Geokichla crossleyi
#08938
Oberländer's Ground-Thrush
Geokichla oberlaenderi
#08939
Abyssinian Ground-Thrush
Geokichla piaggiae
#08940
Orange Ground-Thrush
Geokichla gurneyi
#08941
Spot-winged Thrush
Geokichla spiloptera
#08942
Ashy Thrush
Geokichla cinerea
#08943
Buru Thrush
Geokichla dumasi
#08944
Seram Thrush
Geokichla joiceyi
#08945
Chestnut-capped Thrush
Geokichla interpres
#08946
Enggano Thrush
Geokichla leucolaema
#08947
Chestnut-backed Thrush
Geokichla dohertyi
#08948
Orange-banded Thrush
Geokichla peronii
#08949
Slaty-backed Thrush
Geokichla schistacea
#08950
Rusty-backed Thrush
Geokichla erythronota
#08951
Red-and-black Thrush
Geokichla mendeni
#08952
橙頭地鶇
Orange-headed Thrush
Geokichla citrina
#08953
寶興歌鶇
Chinese Thrush
Turdus mupinensis
#08954
Ethiopian Thrush
Turdus simensis
#08955
非洲地鶇
Groundscraper Thrush
Turdus litsitsirupa
#08956
槲鶇
Mistle Thrush
Turdus viscivorus
#08957
歐歌鶇
Song Thrush
Turdus philomelos
#08958
African Bare-eyed Thrush
Turdus tephronotus
#08959
Somali Thrush
Turdus ludoviciae
#08960
葉門鶇
Yemen Thrush
Turdus menachensis
#08961
中國黑鶇
Chinese Blackbird
Turdus mandarinus
#08962
Comoro Thrush
Turdus bewsheri
#08963
利邦鶇
Kurrichane Thrush
Turdus libonyana
#08964
橄欖鶇
Olive Thrush
Turdus olivaceus
#08965
Abyssinian Thrush
Turdus abyssinicus
#08966
泰塔鶇
Taita Thrush
Turdus helleri
#08967
Usambara Thrush
Turdus roehli
#08968
Principe Thrush
Turdus xanthorhynchus
#08969
Sao Tome Thrush
Turdus olivaceofuscus
#08970
白頭鶇
Taiwan Thrush
Turdus niveiceps
#08971
灰翅鶇
Gray-winged Blackbird
Turdus boulboul
#08972
Indian Blackbird
Turdus simillimus
#08973
非洲鶇
African Thrush
Turdus pelios
#08974
Karoo Thrush
Turdus smithi
#08975
白眉歌鶇
Redwing
Turdus iliacus
#08976
烏鶇
Eurasian Blackbird
Turdus merula
#08977
蒂克氏鶇
Tickell's Thrush
Turdus unicolor
#08978
黑胸鶇
Black-breasted Thrush
Turdus dissimilis
#08979
灰背鶇
Gray-backed Thrush
Turdus hortulorum
#08980
烏灰鶇
Japanese Thrush
Turdus cardis
#08981
Mindoro Island-Thrush
Turdus mindorensis
#08982
Luzon Island-Thrush
Turdus thomassoni
#08983
Mindanao Island-Thrush
Turdus nigrorum
#08984
Christmas Island-Thrush
Turdus erythropleurus
#08985
Wallacean Island-Thrush
Turdus schlegelii
#08986
Sundaic Island-Thrush
Turdus javanicus
#08987
Moluccan Island-Thrush
Turdus deningeri
#08988
Papuan Island-Thrush
Turdus papuensis
#08989
Bismarck Island-Thrush
Turdus heinrothi
#08990
Bougainville Island-Thrush
Turdus bougainvillei
#08991
Solomons Island-Thrush
Turdus kulambangrae
#08992
Vanikoro Island-Thrush
Turdus vanikorensis
#08993
White-headed Island-Thrush
Turdus pritzbueri
#08994
New Caledonian Island-Thrush
Turdus xanthopus
#08995 · 已滅絕
島鶇
Tasman Sea Island-Thrush
Turdus poliocephalus
#08996
Samoan Island-Thrush
Turdus samoensis
#08997
Fiji Island-Thrush
Turdus ruficeps
#08998
藏烏鶇
Tibetan Blackbird
Turdus maximus
#08999
棕背黑頭鶇
White-backed Thrush
Turdus kessleri
白腹鶇 Pale Thrush
#09000
白腹鶇
Pale Thrush
Turdus pallidus
白眉鶇 Eyebrowed Thrush
#09001
白眉鶇
Eyebrowed Thrush
Turdus obscurus
#09002
褐頭鶇
Gray-sided Thrush
Turdus feae
#09003
伊豆鶇
Izu Thrush
Turdus celaenops
赤腹鶇 Brown-headed Thrush
#09004
赤腹鶇
Brown-headed Thrush
Turdus chrysolaus
田鶇 Fieldfare
#09005
田鶇
Fieldfare
Turdus pilaris
#09006
白頸鶇
White-collared Blackbird
Turdus albocinctus
#09007
灰頭鶇
Chestnut Thrush
Turdus rubrocanus
#09008
環頸鶇
Ring Ouzel
Turdus torquatus
#09009
黑頸鶇
Black-throated Thrush
Turdus atrogularis
#09010
赤頸鶇
Red-throated Thrush
Turdus ruficollis
斑點鶇 Dusky Thrush
#09011
斑點鶇
Dusky Thrush
Turdus eunomus
#09012
紅尾鶇
Naumann's Thrush
Turdus naumanni
#09013
Sulawesi Thrush
Turdus turdoides
#09014 · 已滅絕
大開曼鶇
Grand Cayman Thrush
Turdus ravidus
#09015
White-chinned Thrush
Turdus aurantius
#09016
紅腿鶇
Western Red-legged Thrush
Turdus plumbeus
#09017
Eastern Red-legged Thrush
Turdus ardosiaceus
#09018
Black Thrush
Turdus infuscatus
#09019
烏鴝鶇
Sooty Thrush
Turdus nigrescens
#09020
中美鶇
Rufous-collared Robin
Turdus rufitorques
#09021
旅鶇
American Robin
Turdus migratorius
#09022
Rufous-backed Robin
Turdus rufopalliatus
#09023
Mountain Thrush
Turdus plebejus
#09024
La Selle Thrush
Turdus swalesi
#09025
White-eyed Thrush
Turdus jamaicensis
#09026
Pale-eyed Thrush
Turdus leucops
#09027
Forest Thrush
Turdus lherminieri
#09028
Chestnut-bellied Thrush
Turdus fulviventris
#09029
Plumbeous-backed Thrush
Turdus reevei
#09030
Glossy-black Thrush
Turdus serranus
#09031
Black-hooded Thrush
Turdus olivater
#09032
Andean Slaty Thrush
Turdus nigriceps
#09033
大棕鶇
Great Thrush
Turdus fuscater
#09034
Chiguanco Thrush
Turdus chiguanco
#09035
Austral Thrush
Turdus falcklandii
#09036
特里斯坦鶇
Tristan Thrush
Turdus eremita
#09037
Creamy-bellied Thrush
Turdus amaurochalinus
#09038
Black-billed Thrush
Turdus ignobilis
#09039
Campina Thrush
Turdus arthuri
#09040
Marañon Thrush
Turdus maranonicus
#09041
Yellow-legged Thrush
Turdus flavipes
#09042
Blacksmith Thrush
Turdus subalaris
#09043
Pantepui Thrush
Turdus murinus
#09044
Lawrence's Thrush
Turdus lawrencii
#09045
Pale-vented Thrush
Turdus obsoletus
#09046
White-throated Thrush
Turdus assimilis
#09047
Dagua Thrush
Turdus daguae
#09048
White-necked Thrush
Turdus albicollis
#09049
Pale-breasted Thrush
Turdus leucomelas
#09050
Hauxwell's Thrush
Turdus hauxwelli
#09051
Cocoa Thrush
Turdus fumigatus
#09052
棕腹鶇
Rufous-bellied Thrush
Turdus rufiventris
#09053
Unicolored Thrush
Turdus haplochrous
#09054
Spectacled Thrush
Turdus nudigenis
#09055
Varzea Thrush
Turdus sanchezorum
#09056
Ecuadorian Thrush
Turdus maculirostris
#09057
褐背鶇
Clay-colored Thrush
Turdus grayi